Hedge funds hit all-time leverage with short bets flooding the market


Hedge funds are ramping up their borrowing to extreme levels, pushing gross leverage to an all-time high while betting aggressively against stocks. The latest data from Goldman Sachs confirms a surge in short positions, with funds stacking bearish bets in anticipation of market declines.

Short-selling has exploded across multiple sectors. Hedge funds have built up 948 billion dollars in short exposure on individual stocks, alongside 218 billion dollars in short positions on exchange-traded funds. This marks the largest monthly increase in ETF short interest in more than a decade.

Financials and biotech stocks are facing the biggest pressure. The S&P Regional Banking ETF saw short interest spike 50 percentage points from February to April, while the S&P Biotech ETF jumped 27 percentage points. Hedge funds are wagering that these industries will continue sliding.

Skepticism is spreading across the broader market. Short interest in the median S&P 500 stock now stands at 2.3 percent of market float, exceeding historical averages and signaling deep uncertainty about recent gains.

Despite the heavy short-selling, hedge funds are maintaining profits. Long-short funds have delivered a 1 percent year-to-date return, largely driven by selective stock picks. The most favored long positions include Amazon, Meta, Alphabet, Microsoft, and Nvidia, all of which have outpaced broader market trends.

Sources:

https://www.morningstar.com/news/marketwatch/20250521171/hedge-funds-are-shorting-stocks-again-boosting-leverage-to-new-record

https://www.benzinga.com/analyst-ratings/analyst-color/25/05/45544593/hedge-funds-are-building-a-towering-wall-of-bets-against-stocks

https://deepnewz.com/stocks/hedge-fund-short-interest-surges-to-948b-gross-leverage-all-time-high-nasdaq-41-fedeed29